Klonopin(Clonazepam)2mg Online An Effective Treatment of Anxiety

Benzodiazepines were developed in the 1950s. Gradually, they replaced barbiturates, similar to them in properties, and began to be widely used in clinical practice.
Substances of this group have hypnotic, anticonvulsant, anxiolytic, and muscle relaxant effects. Depending on the chemical structure, benzodiazepines have different therapeutic effects. One of the representatives of the group is Klonopin. Preparations with this substance are used in their practice by psychiatrists and narcologists for the treatment of epileptic seizures.

Pharmacologic effect

In accordance with the instructions for the use of Klonopin tablets, the drug has anticonvulsant, muscle relaxant, anxiolytic, central, and sedative effects. Pharmacodynamics Klonopin, by binding to the GABA site of benzodiazepine receptors, increases their sensitivity to the neurotransmitter - gamma-aminobutyric acid. It reduces conductivity in nerve cells by stimulating benzodiazepine receptors located in the ascending tracts of the reticular formation of the brain stem and intercalary neurons of the lateral horns in the spinal cord. Reduces conductivity in subcortical structures (in the limbic system, thalamus, and hypothalamus) and inhibits the conduction of spinal reflexes.

The main effects of Klonopin:

• The anxiolytic effects of the drug (reducing anxiety, fear, emotional tension) are due to its inhibitory effect on the limbic structure of the brain.

• Sedation develops as a result of a decrease in conduction in the reticular formation and the nuclei of the thalamus, anxiety and fear decrease.

• The anticonvulsant effects of the drug are due to an increase in inhibitory reactions in the presynaptic membrane of nerve cells. Epileptogenic activity is suppressed in the cortical structures of the brain, the limbic system, and the thalamus.

• Suppression of epileptic activity of several types. The muscle relaxant effect of Klonopin manifests as a result of inhibition of the polysynaptic spinal afferent inhibitory pathway. The drug is able to inhibit the activity of motor nerve fibers and muscle tissue

Indications for use

In accordance with the indications for use, Klonopin is prescribed:

• in epilepsy (in adults, infants, and children under 4 years of age), in the treatment of typical absences, atypical absences (with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome), nodding spasms, atonic seizures (with “fall” or “drop-attack” syndrome) ;

• infantile spasms (with West syndrome); with tonic-clonic convulsions, simple and complex partial seizures, and secondary generalized tonic-clonic convulsions;

• status epilepticus;

somnambulism;

• in the presence of muscle hypertonicity;

• insomnia (in particular in patients with tumor diseases in the brain);

• in a state of psychomotor agitation;

• with alcohol withdrawal syndrome (tremor, acute agitation, alcoholic delirium, and hallucinations);

• panic disorder.

Contraindications

If the patient has hypersensitivity to drugs of the benzodiazepine group, angle-closure glaucoma, myasthenia gravis, suppression of the respiratory center, with moderate and severe liver or kidney failure, breastfeeding, under the age of 18 years (during the treatment of panic disorder), the drug is not appointed.
Klonopin is limited in use in patients with open-angle glaucoma receiving appropriate treatment, and also with chronic respiratory failure, chronic alcoholism, drug dependence, pathology of the liver and kidneys, as well as pregnancy.

Side effects

During treatment with the drug, the following side effects may occur:

• in epilepsy (in adults, infants, and children under 4 years of age), in the treatment of typical absences, atypical absences (with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome), nodding spasms, atonic seizures (with “fall” or “drop-attack” syndrome) ;

• Nervous system and sensory organs: suppression of the central nervous system, behavioral disorders, a state of drowsiness and incoordination, the development of nystagmus, diplopia and blurred vision, headaches, fatigue, depression, insomnia, psychosis, nightmares, aggression, and irritability.

• Cardiovascular system and blood: development of anemia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, eosinophilia, tachycardia.

Respiratory system: copious secretions of mucus formed in the nose and bronchi. Most often, they appear with intravenous use in patients with diseases of the respiratory organs or when used together with drugs that depress the respiratory center.

• Organs of the gastrointestinal tract: increased salivation or xerostomia, periodontal disease, the development of anorexia or, conversely, an increase in appetite, nausea, stool disorders, gastritis, hematomegaly.

• Skin: the appearance of hirsutism, baldness.

• Allergy: skin rash, swelling.

Other side effects include fever, muscle pain, weight gain or loss, changes in ALT and AST levels, dehydration, lymphadenopathy, dysuria, enuresis, nocturia, bladder disorders, changes in sexual desire.

Method of application and dosage

The doctor selects the dosage of the drug individually. In tablets, the drug is prescribed for adults at an initial dose of up to 1 mg per day. With maintenance therapy, Klonopin is taken from 4 to 8 mg per day.
For children who are breastfed and aged 1 to 5 years, the doctor prescribes the medicine at an initial dosage of not more than 250 mcg per day. Children from 5 to 12 years old are prescribed up to 500 mcg. As maintenance therapy, children under 1 year are prescribed from 0.5 to 1 mg, from 1 to 5 years - from 1 to 3 mg, from 5 to 12 years - from 3 to 6 mg. In elderly patients, the initial dosage should not exceed 500 micrograms per day. The daily dosage should be divided into 3-4 doses.